Diabetes Mellitus
Essentials of Diagnosis
Type 1 diabetes
Polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss associated with random plasma glucose 200 mg/dL. Plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher after an overnight fast, documented on more than one occasion. Ketonemia, ketonuria, or both. Islet autoantibodies are frequently present.
Type 2 diabetes
Most patients are over 40 years of age and obese. Polyuria and polydipsia. Ketonuria and weight loss generally are uncommon at time of diagnosis. Candidal vaginitis in women may be an initial manifestation. Many patients have few or no symptoms. Plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher after an overnight fast on more than one occasion. After 75 g oral glucose, diagnostic values are 200 mg/dL or more 2 hours after the oral glucose. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis are often associated.
Essentials of Diagnosis
Type 1 diabetes
Polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss associated with random plasma glucose 200 mg/dL. Plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher after an overnight fast, documented on more than one occasion. Ketonemia, ketonuria, or both. Islet autoantibodies are frequently present.
Type 2 diabetes
Most patients are over 40 years of age and obese. Polyuria and polydipsia. Ketonuria and weight loss generally are uncommon at time of diagnosis. Candidal vaginitis in women may be an initial manifestation. Many patients have few or no symptoms. Plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher after an overnight fast on more than one occasion. After 75 g oral glucose, diagnostic values are 200 mg/dL or more 2 hours after the oral glucose. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis are often associated.
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